Cancer results when the cells in the body get divides and multiply in an uncontrolled way. This is because of the mutations of the genes which regulate cell growth.
Lung Cancer, as the name implies begins in the lungs.
It is of two types:
NSCLC:
SCLC:
SCLC contributes nearly 15-20 per cent of lung cancer cases. It spreads and grows faster than NSCLC. It is usually found in the central part of lung.
Basically, the symptoms of both the type NSCLC and SCLC are same. The common symptoms are:
Respiratory infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis are also common. But when cancer spreads, other symptoms may arise such as:
Lymph nodes: Lumps can arise especially in the neck or collarbone.
Pain in bones, more importantly in the back, ribs and hips.
Brain problems such as headache, balance problems, dizziness, along with the numbness in arms and legs.
Liver problems can also arise like yellowing of skin and eyes.
If you are suffering from any of above-mentioned cancer then immediately consult a doctor. In the case, it seems a lung-cancer problem then you should consult a medical oncologist, a specialist in treating cancers.
Nausea, vomiting, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, seizures can also be found.
Smoke damages the lungs. Although lungs can repair the damage but continuous exposure to the smoke reduces the ability of the lungs for the repairing.
However, if your lifestyle includes exposure to the smoke, aerosols, chemicals, dust etc, then there are chances you can also develop lung cancer.
The major cause of lung cancer is smoking. In fact, about 90% of cases of lung cancer is because of smoking tobacco. Active smokers have nearly 20 times higher risk than non-smokers and Passive smokers have 9 times higher risks compare to non-smokers.
SCLC is totally associated with heavy smoking. Exposure to radioactive materials such as radon is also a major cause.
There are 4 main stages in lung cancer which depends on where cancer has been spread. The stages begin from the only lung to spreading in both the lungs.
Treatment: Molecular testing or genetic testing.
Staging: CECT chest + abdomen, PETCT, MRI brain, Mediastinoscopy, EBUS.
Diagnosis: Biopsy With IHC or Pleural fluid (fluid around the lungs) cytology and Cellblock.
Treatment: Molecular testing or genetic testing.
All investigations are advised after seeing patient’s general condition, clinical presentation and relevant investigations.
The investigation should be done as per the advice of oncologist.
Lung Cancer Stages:
There are 4 main stages in lung cancer which depends on where cancer has been spread. The stages begin from the only lung to spreading in both the lungs.